2019年中国刑法实施报告

2019年是新中国成立70周年的伟大日子。70年来,在中国的刑事法治建设取得长足发展的同时,中国刑法学在始终恪守重视基础理论的总结、创新与完善的基础上,亦更加主动地回应社会现实关切的热点、疑点、难点问题,彰显出鲜明的时代特色,凸显出刑法积极参与社会治理的重要功能,弘扬了新时代我国刑法学鲜明的问题意识与自主意识。相较以往,2019年度刑事犯罪在涉众型、风险型、科技型等领域较为突出,呈现出涉案金额巨大、危害面广、手法多样且不断翻新等特点。2019年度刑法实施报告主要将以下七个板块作为研究重点:新中国成立七十年刑事法治和刑法理论的变迁与反思、正当防卫制度的适用与完善、"扫黑除恶"专项斗争、人工智能时代刑法挑战的前瞻应对、互联网金融领域腐败犯罪治理防范问题、认罪认罚从宽制度实体适用问题及民刑交叉、行刑衔接等问题。     

Experimental Evidence on the Impacts of Need-Based Financial Aid: Longitudinal Assessment of the Wisconsin Scholars Grant

We conduct the first long-term experimental evaluation of a need-based financial aid program, the privately funded Wisconsin Scholars Grant. Over multiple cohorts, the program failed to increase degree completion and graduate school enrollment up to 10 years after matriculation. The program did reduce time-to-degree for some students and modestly increased the number of STEM degrees earned. The lack of robust effects raises important questions about the conditions necessary for financial aid to benefit students.     

数字经济监管体制创新的导向与路径

数字经济发展要求对传统监管体制进行重构,通过监管体制创新来促进数字经济高质量发展。数字经济监管体制创新的基本导向为:始终坚持审慎包容的基本原则,将促进开放共享和鼓励创新作为政策基点、维护市场竞争作为政策重心、确保监管体制与政策动态有效作为政策理念。中国数字经济监管体制创新的基本路径为:建立相对完善的监管法律体系,构建"平台+政府"双中心协同监管的治理主体结构,形成与数字经济相适应的监管机构体制,实现审慎包容监管原则制度化,创新监管实施体制和政策手段。     

Susi Versus the rest: the political economy of the fisheries industry in Indonesia during Jokowi’s first term

ABSTRACT

Indonesian Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Minister, Susi Pudjiastuti, has become a political superstar on the back of the media attention gained with her tough stance in fighting illegal fishing since 2014. But, beyond the headlines, little is known of the political struggles unleashed by her approach, on how her policies have affected the political economy of the industry, and on whether her reforms are sustainable. Drawing on over 30 in-depth interviews, this article fills the gap. The picture that emerges is complex and fluid: the minister has made progress in limiting the reach of the foreign-led fisheries mafia, but achieved limited success in convincing Indonesians to invest in the industry or in building a constituency to support her drive. Through the lens of the political economy of the fisheries, this article also offers a window into how politics is contested in increasingly ‘populist’ Indonesia.     

政治经济学批判视域中的恩格斯辩证法

围绕辩证法,一些西方学者常常得出恩格斯和马克思对立的观点。反驳这种错误观点有一条重要路径:恩格斯的辩证法并非局限于自然领域,而是以政治经济学批判的方式融入社会—历史当中。具体而言,它主要体现在三个方面:一是将辩证法奠基于现实经验的基础之上;二是准确阐释了马克思辩证法作为唯一正确的思想发展形式;三是进一步完善了政治经济学批判方法与对象的统一理论。这些贡献表明:一方面,在现实基础、基本形式、实践旨趣方面,恩格斯辩证法和马克思辩证法在根本上是一致的;另一方面,恩格斯对黑格尔辩证法有着深刻的理解,能够准确把握它与马克思辩证法的区别。这将有助于澄清对恩格斯辩证法的曲解和误解,也是对“矮化”恩格斯辩证法、制造恩格斯和马克思关于辩证法的思想对立的有力回应。     

准确定位 科学布局 积极推动试验区建设

宁夏发展内陆开放型经济没有突出优势,在产业布局方面与建设中国—阿拉伯国家及世界穆斯林地区经贸合作大平台的要求尚有差距。必须站在世界经济发展的高端,进一步明确试验区发展定位和目标,优化产业布局,为我国发展内陆开放型经济、完善对外开放格局探索新路径。     

德国反洗钱刑事立法述评与启示

为了遏制和打击洗钱活动，德国通过在刑法典中新增洗钱罪和多次的修订，将洗钱行为犯罪化，逐步建立起反洗钱和恐怖融资的刑事法律体系，并在一定程度上具有自己的独特之处。在国际社会共同打击洗钱活动和我国面临严峻洗钱形势的背景下，有必要介绍德国反洗钱刑事立法的成功经验，这对于完善我国的反洗钱法律制度具有借鉴意义。     

土耳其旅游业浅析

经过近30年的快速发展,土耳其已经成为新兴的世界旅游目的地国家。在土耳其旅游业的发展过程中,政府的发展战略和政策导向发挥了关键性作用。土耳其的旅游产业在创汇增收、打造特色产业集群、优化产业结构等方面,不仅支撑并拉动了整个国民经济的持续增长与发展,也为解决国内就业问题做出了独特贡献。目前,土耳其旅游业正处于国际化发展进程中,其旅游业快速发展的经验值得发展中国家学习和借鉴。     

马克思主义时代观理论形态的逻辑演进——论马克思、列宁、邓小平的时代理论和创新发展

马克思主义时代观是科学认识和系统把握时代发展变革规律性的立场、观点、方法的综合集成,是马克思主义时代发展理论的高度概括和集中体现。商品经济产生资本主义,资本主义导致帝国主义,国家垄断资本主义作为垄断资本主义的典型形式和成熟形态,成为通向社会主义的新物质准备与历史阶梯和发展中间站。资本主义的整个发展过程及其通向社会主义道路,又是以经济现代化和全球化为载体的世界社会化大生产从低级形态向高级形态逻辑演进过程,并以三个不同发展阶段形成了世界历史发展的三个不同时代。马克思、列宁、邓小平系统考察他们各自所处于的世界经济现代化和全球化不同发展阶段及其具有不同的时代内容和时代形式,从世界体系和全球战略上科学揭示出世界历史不同发展阶段及其时代发展变革规律性,形成了时代构成基础、时代中心问题、时代发展道路三位一体的马克思主义时代观及其创新发展的三大理论形态。这三大时代发展理论形态以鲜明的时代内容和时代形式,不仅成为马克思主义理论体系发展的三大阶段及其时代化的主要标志,而且构成了马克思主义理论体系的重要组成部分,成为马克思主义体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性的科学方法和理论支柱。     

Institutional Arrangements and State and Local Financial Forecasting

Abstract

The articles in this symposium present various consequences that effectively result in changes from adopted budgets during the implementation phase, which derive from institutional structure. The institutional structures referred to include such attributes as internal policy, procedural methodology, longevity in office, and reward and incentive systems related to performance outcomes

For local governments, structural influences studied include changes in leadership in the executive and legislative branches, longevity in office of budget administrators, and differences related to mayor-council vs. council-manager forms of government. Internal policies reported on cover methodology used to forecast revenues such as quantitative methods versus informed judgment, budgetary controls and spending policy related to mandated spending beyond local government control, and procedures for benchmarking within the agency as well as with peer groups and professional standards.

Consortia of governments are referenced regarding performance evaluation as is the process for gaining consensus between the executive and legislative branches, including expert outside opinion. Other influences on performance outcomes reported on are those tied to the risk-reward system built in to the institutional structure, which includes risk tolerance of the individuals who make pension fund investments.